[ ENG ] FUTURE: WILL and GOING TO

FUTURE: WILL and GOING TO

USE:
WILL is used to express a subjective opinion, or to express a decision, a promise,a belief, or a threat, etc. about the future. This is why WILL often follows expressions like "I hope...", "Do you think...", etc. EXAMPLE:
"Do you think she will like these flowers?"


FORM:
Affirmative: [SUBJECT + WILL + VERB...]

NOTE: We often shorten WILL to "-'ll" and pronounce it together with the subject.


EXAMPLE:
"I think he will (he'll) fix the car tomorrow."

Negative: [SUBJECT + WILL + NOT + VERB...]

NOTE: We often shorten WILL NOT to "WON'T".

EXAMPLE:
"I'm afraid we won't finish the job today."

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

YES/NO QUESTIONS

USE:
In the interrogative form, WILL often introduces a request.

FORM:
[Q: WILL + SUBJECT + VERB...?]
[A: Yes, + SUBJECT + WILL
No, + SUBJECT + WILL NOT(WON'T).]


EXAMPLES:
"Will you open the window, please?"
"Yes, of course I will."

"Will you buy me an ice cream, please?"
"No, I won't!"

WH-QUESTIONS


FORM:
Questions about the subject of the sentence:
[Q: WHO/WHAT + WILL + VERB...?]

EXAMPLE:
"Who'll be there tonight?"
"Liz will go for sure. And maybe Tom will be there too."

Questions about the rest of the sentence:
[Q: Wh-word + WILL + SUBJECT + VERB...?]


EXAMPLE:
"When will we get home tonight?"
"I think we'll get home at around 10."

GOING TO

USE:
GOING TO is used to talk about definite, objective facts and plans in the future.

EXAMPLE:
"Look at those clouds! It's going to rain!"


FORM:

AFFIRMATIVE

[SUBJECT + BE + GOING TO + VERB...]

EXAMPLES:
"I'm going to study Chinese History next semester."
"Look out! That car's going to hit us!"

NEGATIVE

[SUBJECT + BE + NOT + GOING TO + VERB...]

EXAMPLES:
"We aren't going to make a profit this year."
"I know I'm not going to pass this exam!"

QUESTIONS and ANSWERS

YES/NO QUESTIONS

[Q: BE + SUBJECT + GOING TO + VERB...?]
[A: Yes, + SUBJECT (pronoun) + BE.]
or:
[No, + SUBJECT (pronoun) + BE + NOT.]

EXAMPLE:
"Is this train going to arrive on time?"
"No, it isn't. It's going to be late."

WH-QUESTIONS

Questions about the subject of the sentence:
[Q: WHO/WHAT + BE + GOING TO + VERB...]

EXAMPLE:
"Who's going to finish this?"
"I am."

Questions about the rest of the sentence:
[Q: WH-WORD + BE + SUBJECT + GOING TO + VERB...?]
[A: Affirmative sentence with GOING TO.]


EXAMPLE:
"Who are you going to vote for?"
"I'm going to vote for Tom Baxter."



NOTE: We often find both WILL and GOING TO in the same conversation.In the following dialogue, the patient wants a definite answer to his question,but the nurse replies with only a promise:

"Is this injection going to hurt?"
"Don't worry, it will only hurt a little and it won't take long!"